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Nolph and Gokal’’s Textbook of Peritoneal Dialysis

為了解決台大 醫學系面試題目的問題，作者 這樣論述：

Nolph and Gokal’s Text Book of Peritoneal Dialysis, Third Edition, covers advances made in the field for the past 30 years. During the past two decades, the time during which this therapy has been increasingly utilized, this text has continued to be recognized as the major source of the disciplin

e’s base knowledge. The evolution of this text to its newest edition parallels the growth of peritoneal dialysis from Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis in the eighties to the current therapy that encompasses manual and automated therapies with full emphasis on adequacy of dialysis dose.Perit

oneal dialysis represents an intracorporeal technique for blood purification. This unique dialysis system represents one of many human attempts to manipulate nature for sustenance of life. The past few years of advances have focused on further improvement of the technique. Areas that have fueled the

interest of researchers include: (1) Physiology of high transporters (and the role of genetics and inflammation); (2) Continued debate over the most appropriate adequacy indices (small solute clearances, large solute clearances, clinical assessment etc.); (3) Understanding, preventing and treating

the MIA syndrome in PD patients ( including the roles of leptin, and adiponectin); (4) Pathogenesis and newer management strategies of vascular calcification; (5) Continued improvements in infectious complications including peritonitis; (6) Further improvements in catheter technology; (7) Automated

techniques; (8) Explaining and correcting PD underutilization; (9) Rationale and applications of newer dialysis solutions; (10) New understanding and approaches to management of osteodystrophy; (11) Refinements in anemia management including new insights in iron metabolism in PD patients; (12) Furth

er definition of indications for PD; (13) The ideal time to initiate dialysis.Newer insight into host defense mechanisms have also made the past decade of advances in the field more meaningful for clinicians. This text also covers the knowledge gained from animal models of peritoneal dialysis.Nolph

and Gokal’s Textbook of Peritoneal Dialysis, Third Edition is a compilation of the latest knowledge in the field. It cites and describes in great detail, the new discoveries and the evolution of understanding the subject of these discoveries.

台大 醫學系面試題目進入發燒排行的影片

An Integrated Approach For Uncovering Novel DNA Methylation Biomarkers For Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma

為了解決台大 醫學系面試題目的問題，作者VAIBHAV KUMAR SUNKARIA 這樣論述：

Introduction - Lung cancer is one of primal and ubiquitous cause of cancer related fatalities in the world. Leading cause of these fatalities is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a proportion of 85%. The major subtypes of NSCLC are Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and Lung Small Cell Carcinoma (LUS

C). Early-stage surgical detection and removal of tumor offers a favorable prognosis and better survival rates. However, a major portion of 75% subjects have stage III/IV at the time of diagnosis and despite advanced major developments in oncology survival rates remain poor. Carcinogens produce wide

spread DNA methylation changes within cells. These changes are characterized by globally hyper or hypo methylated regions around CpG islands, many of these changes occur early in tumorigenesis and are highly prevalent across a tumor type.Structure - This research work took advantage of publicly avai

lable methylation profiling resources and relevant comorbidities for lung cancer patients extracted from meta-analysis of scientific review and journal available at PubMed and CNKI search which were combined systematically to explore effective DNA methylation markers for NSCLC. We also tried to iden

tify common CpG loci between Caucasian, Black and Asian racial groups for identifying ubiquitous candidate genes thoroughly. Statistical analysis and GO ontology were also conducted to explore associated novel biomarkers. These novel findings could facilitate design of accurate diagnostic panel for

practical clinical relevance.Methodology - DNA methylation profiles were extracted from TCGA for 418 LUAD and 370 LUSC tissue samples from patients compared with 32 and 42 non-malignant ones respectively. Standard pipeline was conducted to discover significant differentially methylated sites as prim

ary biomarkers. Secondary biomarkers were extracted by incorporating genes associated with comorbidities from meta-analysis of research articles. Concordant candidates were utilized for NSCLC relevant biomarker candidates. Gene ontology annotations were used to calculate gene-pair distance matrix fo

r all candidate biomarkers. Clustering algorithms were utilized to categorize candidate genes into different functional groups using the gene distance matrix. There were 35 CpG loci identified by comparing TCGA training cohort with GEO testing cohort from these functional groups, and 4 gene-based pa

nel was devised after finding highly discriminatory diagnostic panel through combinatorial validation of each functional cluster.Results – To evaluate the gene panel for NSCLC, the methylation levels of SCT(Secritin), FOXD3(Forkhead Box D3), TRIM58(Tripartite Motif Containing 58) and TAC1(Tachikinin

1) were tested. Individually each gene showed significant methylation difference between LUAD and LUSC training cohort. Combined 4-gene panel AUC, sensitivity/specificity were evaluated with 0.9596, 90.43%/100% in LUAD; 0.949, 86.95%/98.21% in LUSC TCGA training cohort; 0.94, 85.92%/97.37 in GEO 66

836; 0.91,89.17%/100% in GEO 83842 smokers; 0.948, 91.67%/100% in GEO83842 non-smokers independent testing cohort. Our study validates SCT, FOXD3, TRIM58 and TAC1 based gene panel has great potential in early recognition of NSCLC undetermined lung nodules. The findings can yield universally accurate

and robust markers facilitating early diagnosis and rapid severity examination.

機電整合控制：多軸運動設計與應用(第六版)(附部分內容光碟)

為了解決台大 醫學系面試題目的問題，作者施慶隆,李文猶 這樣論述：

　　此書之目的即在提供機電整合及機器人系統之運動控制的基本工作原理、理論分析、設計與應用實例及實驗結果等資料。 　　由於資訊化功能、網路通訊功能、以及人機介面圖像化等需求愈來愈殷切，使得網際網路的持續發展必將在自動化產業上扮演更重要的角色。機構組件網路化的機電系統整合更是一個值得關注的發展潮流。應用網際網路的技術，將可提昇產品的附加價值與提高產品的競爭優勢。另外值得一提的是電腦視覺與影像處理技術的持續發展勢必在未來自動化產品上扮演更智慧、更重要的角色。整合高速電腦視覺處理的機電整合及機器人系統更是一值得關注的發展潮流。 　　本書共二十六章依各章之性質將全書分為三篇：基本

原理篇、機械臂原理篇及運動控制應用實例篇。第一部份基本原理篇中共包含有五章，它可作為多軸運動控制的入門知識。第二部份為多軸機械臂運動控制的基礎理論介紹。最後第三部份應用實例篇共有十二章，分別介紹六個運動控制系統的完整實例。為了全書內容的完整性，於本書附錄中詳細介紹運動控制系統常用之機電介面。 本書特色 　　1.本書以實用的基本理論為基礎，以深入淺出的方式介紹機電整合系統多軸運動控制的基本知識與原理。 　　2.本書闡述機械臂及機器人的基本工作原理，其內容可加強機電整合系統之理論基礎。 　　3.本書涵蓋運動控制器設計與製作實例，諸如多軸伺服馬達運動控制系統、半導體設備控制系統、機械臂自動鑽

骨控制系統以及機器人系統設計等。

錨定含吡啶與吡唑雙配位基於氧化鋅奈米粒子的合成、催化與水中的應用

為了解決台大 醫學系面試題目的問題，作者廖建勳 這樣論述：

本篇論文選擇以吡唑、吡啶以及含有羧酸根官能基的含氮雜環碳烯為主要結構，藉由中性分子化合物 (NHC-COOH) (5) 錨定在氧化鋅奈米粒子，成功合成出氧化鋅奈米粒子載體 (ZnO-NHC NPs) (9)。而且有機分子修飾在氧化鋅奈米粒子上，能使得氧化鋅奈米粒子載體 (ZnO-NHC NPs) (9) 均勻分散在高極性的溶劑中，因此可以利用核磁共振光譜儀、紅外線光譜儀進行定性與定量分析，並用穿透式電子顯微鏡量測粒徑大小。 除此之外，也把氧化鋅奈米粒子載體 (ZnO-NHC NPs) (9) 與鈀金屬螯合鍵結成鈀金屬氧化鋅奈米粒子載體 (Pd-NHC ZnO NPs) (1

0)。並且應用於 Sonogashira 偶聯反應，探討分子式觸媒 (Pd-NHC) (6) 與載體式觸媒 (Pd-NHC ZnO NPs) (10) 的催化活性。研究結果顯示載體式觸媒 (Pd-NHC ZnO NPs) (10) 的催化效果與分子式觸媒 (Pd-NHC) (6) 相當，這結果可證明不會因為載體化的製程，而減少中心金屬的催化活性，而且載體式觸媒 (Pd-NHC ZnO NPs) (10) 可以藉由簡單的離心、傾析後，即使經過十次回收再利用，仍然保持著很高的催化活性。 工業廢水是近年來熱門討論的議題，廢水中所含有的重金屬離子往往會造成嚴重的環境汙染。而這些有毒的金屬汙染物

不只汙染了大自然，更是影響了人類的健康。因此，如何從廢水中除去重金屬離子是非常重要的技術。在本篇研究中，利用氧化鋅奈米粒子載體 (ZnO-NHC NPs) (9) 當作吸附劑，把廢水中常見的鋅、鉛、鎘等金屬，以及硬水溶液中的鈣、鎂金屬成功吸附。接著利用氫氧化鈉當作脫附劑，成功的把金屬離子脫附下來，並且進行再次吸附，也達到很好的效果。除了吸附與脫附的定性分析，本論文也進行吸附的定量分析實驗，發現與文獻其他相近系統效果相當，尤其在低濃度金屬離子的吸附更是優於許多文獻數值。